refactor: enhance permission handling and introduce new Permission and Policy classes

- Updated the `Guard` class to improve permission checking by utilizing the new `Permission` class.
- Refactored tests in `authorize.spec.ts` to use `Permission` instances instead of strings for better type safety.
- Introduced a new `permissions.spec.ts` file to test the functionality of the `Permission` and `Policy` classes.
- Enhanced the `recursivelyReplacePlaceholders` utility function to support various object structures and types.
- Updated middleware and controller files to align with the new permission handling structure.

app/src/auth/api/AuthController.ts

@@ -60,7 +60,8 @@ export class AuthController extends Controller {
       if (create) {
          hono.post(
             "/create",
-            permission([AuthPermissions.createUser, DataPermissions.entityCreate]),
+            permission(AuthPermissions.createUser),
+            permission(DataPermissions.entityCreate),
             describeRoute({
                summary: "Create a new user",
                tags: ["auth"],