refactor: enhance permission handling and introduce new Permission and Policy classes

- Updated the `Guard` class to improve permission checking by utilizing the new `Permission` class.
- Refactored tests in `authorize.spec.ts` to use `Permission` instances instead of strings for better type safety.
- Introduced a new `permissions.spec.ts` file to test the functionality of the `Permission` and `Policy` classes.
- Enhanced the `recursivelyReplacePlaceholders` utility function to support various object structures and types.
- Updated middleware and controller files to align with the new permission handling structure.

app/src/core/utils/schema/index.ts

@@ -59,6 +59,8 @@ export const stringIdentifier = s.string({
 });
 
 export class InvalidSchemaError extends Error {
+   override name = "InvalidSchemaError";
+
    constructor(
       public schema: s.Schema,
       public value: unknown,